Why your Wi-Fi password needs to be long and random
With WPA2, anyone within range can record the short handshake a phone makes when it joins your network and then try guesses on their own computer, offline, as fast as their graphics card allows. Short or predictable keys, such as phone numbers, names or the sticker password with a few changes, fall quickly. A random key of 20 characters from letters and digits has about 116 bits of entropy, far beyond any such attack. WPA3 stops that offline guessing, but many networks still run in WPA2 or mixed mode for older devices, so length still matters.
Characters that cause trouble, and how this tool avoids them
The standard allows any printable ASCII character, but real devices are less tolerant. Some router web pages break on quotes, angle brackets or ampersands, a few smart TVs and printers have no easy way to type a backslash, and the semicolon, comma and colon need escaping inside a Wi-Fi QR code. Keys made here use only letters, digits and the symbols ! # % * + - = ? @ _ ~, and they leave out look-alikes such as I, l, 1, O and 0, so nobody types the wrong character from a printed card.
How the join-network QR code works
Phones read a text in the form WIFI:T:WPA;S:network name;P:password;; and offer to join that network. T:WPA covers WPA, WPA2 and WPA3 Personal. If your network name or password contains a backslash, semicolon, comma, colon or double quote, the tool escapes it with a backslash as the format requires, and it adds H:true for a hidden network. The camera apps on recent iPhones and Android phones can scan it directly; some older Android phones need the scanner in the Wi-Fi settings screen. The code is static, so it keeps working until you change the password.
Changing the password on your router
Open your router’s settings page, often at 192.168.1.1 or 192.168.0.1 or through your internet provider’s app, and look for Wireless, WLAN or Wi-Fi security. Choose WPA2-Personal, WPA2/WPA3 or WPA3-Personal, paste the new key, and save. Every device then drops off and must join again with the new key, which is a good moment to remove gadgets you no longer use. Also change the router’s admin password if it is still the one printed on the label.
Guest networks and sharing safely
If your router supports a guest network, give visitors that one, with its own key and QR code, so they cannot see your computers, printers or cameras. Print the guest QR code for a café counter, majlis or holiday flat, and change the guest key now and then, especially after a tenant or employee leaves. Anyone holding a photo of the QR code can read the password inside it, so do not post it online.