Where the rates come from
The European Central Bank publishes reference rates for about thirty currencies against the euro, usually at around 16:00 Central European Time on every working day, except on days the TARGET payment system is closed. They come from a daily exchange of rates between central banks across Europe. The ECB says the rates are published for information only and discourages using them for transactions. This converter reads the latest table and prints its date, so on a weekend you will see Friday's rates with Friday's date. Nothing here changes by the minute, and the page never calls the rates live.
The Gulf pegs are fixed by the central banks
Five Gulf currencies do not need a market rate at all, because their central banks keep them at a fixed rate to the US dollar. The figures below are taken from each bank's own pages, opened on 18 October 2026. Because both sides are fixed, a conversion between two of these currencies never changes either: one Saudi riyal is always 0.9793 dirhams, and one dirham is always 1.0211 riyals.
- UAE dirham: 3.6725 per US dollar (Central Bank of the UAE).
- Saudi riyal: 3.75 per US dollar, the official rate SAMA restated in November 2024.
- Qatari riyal: 3.64 per US dollar, set by Amiri Decree No. 34 of 2001 (Qatar Central Bank).
- Omani rial: 2.6008 US dollars per rial since 1986, which is 0.3845 rials per dollar (Central Bank of Oman).
- Bahraini dinar: 0.376 per US dollar (Central Bank of Bahrain).
How a dirham to rupee rate is worked out
The ECB table has no dirham or riyal, so a Gulf currency against a floating one is calculated through the US dollar. On 16 October 2026, for example, the ECB published 1.1253 dollars and 106.864 rupees per euro. That makes one dollar 94.96 rupees, and dividing by the dirham peg of 3.6725 gives 25.86 rupees per dirham. Your bank, exchange house or remittance app will quote less than this: they add a margin and fees, and their own rate can move after the ECB's afternoon fix. Use the result here to check how big that margin is before you send money home.
Currencies this converter does not price
Some currencies that matter in the Gulf have no official free daily rate we can use, so the converter leaves them out instead of showing an unofficial number. The Kuwaiti dinar is linked to an undisclosed weighted basket of currencies under Decree No. 147 of 2007, according to the Central Bank of Kuwait, so there is no fixed dollar rate, and the ECB does not publish it. The ECB also publishes no reference rate for the Pakistani rupee, Egyptian pound, Bangladeshi taka, Sri Lankan rupee or Nepalese rupee. For these, ask your bank or exchange house, or check the central bank of the country concerned.